Small data centers with low cooling efficiency can achieve significant energy savings through targeted retrofitting. This study utilizes open-source CFD simulation to identify the causes of thermal inefficiency and validates the solutions with real-world measurements.

Small data centers consume disproportionately high energy for cooling due to suboptimal airflow design. This research paper uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to examine the temperature distribution in an air-cooled facility and identify mechanisms that reduce cooling efficiency.

The study presents:

• Thermal Simulation: An open-source CFD model simulates airflow and heat distribution within the data center, revealing hotspots and recirculation patterns that waste cooling energy.

• Validation with Measurements: The numerical model is validated against temperature measurements in the actual facility, confirming its accuracy in predicting thermal behavior.

• Retrofitting Strategies: Based on the simulation results, the paper suggests specific modifications to improve airflow management and reduce cooling energy consumption.

• Relevance for Operators: Small facilities constitute a significant portion of Europe’s digital infrastructure. Practical, validated approaches to improve their efficiency collectively have a considerable impact.

The complete research paper is available for download.