We define unbundling as the separation of the digital resources from the services in the offering of cloud services by cloud service providers who are vertically integrated. We see unbundling as a necessary process for there to be fair and open competition in both the supply and demand sides of the digital power market.

In most cases, including Europe, energy market liberalization was accompanied by unbundling, which made a distinction between generation, transmission and distribution/retail in the energy sector. We see digital power as sharing many properties with electricity, such as being a public good, and therefore believe unbundling is equally appropriate.