Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
For the term “Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)”, the SDIA accepts the definition provided by ISO 14025. ISO 14025 defines EPDs as Type III environmental declarations—standardized documents informing about a product’s potential environmental and human health impact.
Explanation
An environmental product declaration is an externally verified Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) that has to be done using a set of pre-defined rules either for an entire Product Category (Product Category Rules, PCR) or specific to a type of product (PSR, Product-specific rules).
Say you manufacture a desktop computer. In order to get an EPD, you would need to perform a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based on the rules for desktop computers (PSR) or for computers in general (PCR). Then you need to find a consultancy that is accredited to verify your LCA that you made using the PSR/PCR rules. After the verification you will receive your Environmental Product Declaration.
Who makes the PCR or PSR rules? Many different entities manage these rules, examples are the EPD International or Product Environmental Passport (PEP) organizations. They define the PCR/PSR rules and publish them, as well as accredit consultants to verify LCAs against those rules.